Sports arbitration in Ecuador: mechanism of equity or instrument of power in sports justice?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116337Keywords:
Arbitration , conflict resolution, sports justice, transparency, trustAbstract
Introduction: In Ecuador, the functioning of sports arbitration has been subject to debate, particularly regarding impartiality, transparency, and perceived fairness.
Objective: To critically analyze the functioning of sports arbitration in Ecuador, considering its impact on the perception of fairness among stakeholders.
Methodology: A mixed-method approach was applied with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The quantitative phase involved a survey of 180 participants (referees, athletes, and sports law specialists). The qualitative phase included interviews with 9 key informants and the analysis of three emblematic arbitration cases.
Results: Sports arbitration is recognized as a necessary conflict resolution mechanism, yet its application shows weaknesses. Transparency was the most influential factor in institutional trust. Interviews revealed perceptions of external pressure and inequality in procedures. Case analysis showed differences in perceived legitimacy between national and international arbitration levels.
Discussion: Structural challenges continue to limit the legitimacy of sports arbitration in Ecuador. The lack of legal training and perceptions of institutional interference negatively affect stakeholder trust.
Conclusions: It is recommended to strengthen national arbitration mechanisms, implement basic legal education programs for sports actors, and move toward a more accessible and transparent system. Future research could explore longitudinal changes or regional comparisons to assess the impact of arbitration reforms.
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