Efeitos de um programa de treino neuromuscular baseado na melhoria da mecânica de receção e salto em atletas adolescentes de andebol feminino
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.103383Palavras-chave:
Balonmano, treino neuromuscular, fase madura, ligamento cruzado anterior, mulher, pliometriaResumo
Introdução: O balão apresenta um elevado risco de lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior durante a aterragem após um salto.
Objectivo: Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de treino neuromuscular de duas semanas em jogadoras de balão adolescentes, com um enfoque especial para melhorar o padrão de salto e aterragem.
Metodologia: Desenho pré-experimental de grupos paralelos com medidas repetidas. A mostra foi composta por 15 jogadoras entre os 12 e os 13 anos, divididas em dois grupos, de acordo com a fase madura. Ambos os grupos realizaram o mesmo programa de treino neuromuscular. Foi utilizada uma bateria de testes para determinar o desempenho no salto, mudança de direção e sprint, e para determinar as assimetrias entre as extremidades inferiores: salto unilateral vertical, horizontal e lateral, Tuck Jump Assessment (teste padrão de análise do padrão de salto e aterrização), mudanças de direção de 90º e 180º e sprint linear de 10 metros.
Resultados: Se observarem melhores resultados na pontuação total do Tuck Jump Assessment e nas variáveis de desempenho físico (saltos unilaterais e sprint). As jogadoras em fase madura média apresentam uma resposta mais positiva ao programa em comparação com as jogadoras de maturidade tardia.
Discussão: Os resultados obtidos neste estúdio coincidem com as investigações anteriores que demonstraram melhores resultados no desempenho de salto e imprimem programas de treino pliométrico em jovens deportistas
Conclusões: O programa proposto demonstrou ser eficaz na redução dos riscos e na melhoria do desempenho, realçando a importância da adaptação do treino à maturidade das jogadoras.
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