O impacto da forma física, da capacidade cognitiva e da educação nas competências do jogo de futebol juvenil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.115288Palavras-chave:
Aptidão Física, capacidade cognitiva, idade, habilidades futebolísticasResumo
Introdução: A forma física e a capacidade cognitiva são dos componentes importantes no desempenho da prática do futebol, especialmente no grupo de jovens adultos.
Objectivo: Este estudo tem como objectivo analisar o efeito do VO₂max, do coeficiente intelectual e da idade nas capacidades do jogo de futebol em jogadores jovens.
Metodologia: Este estúdio utilizou um design transversal no qual participaram 66 jogadores de 13, 15 e 17 anos de vários clubes de Palembang. O VO₂max foi medido através do teste Bleep, o CI através de um teste de inteligência padrão e as habilidades de jogo através do teste de habilidades futbolísticas David Lee. A análise foi realizada através do teste de correlação de Spearman.
Discussão: Os resultados mostram uma correlação positiva significativa entre o VO₂max, o IC e a idade nas competências de jogo de futebol (p < 0,01). A idade apresentou a maior correlação com as competências de jogo (r = 0,824), seguida do IC (r = 0,798) e do VO₂max (r = 0,750).
Conclusões: Este estudo demonstrou que a condição física, a capacidade cognitiva e a idade têm uma influência significativa nas capacidades de jogo de futebol em jogadores jovens. A relação positiva entre as três variáveis indica que o desenvolvimento das competências de jogo não consegue separar a interação entre a preparação física, a capacidade cognitiva e a maturidade da idade. Este estúdio logrou cumprir os seus objetivos ao demonstrar que a idade é um fator preditivo dominante, enquanto a preparação física e o coeficiente intelectual contribuem de forma significativa e simultânea à melhoria do desempenho técnico. Por este motivo, o desenvolvimento de programas de treino baseados na educação que integrem aspetos físicos e cognitivos é muito recomendável para maximizar o potencial dos jovens jogadores no jogo de futebol.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Mutiara Fajar, Heny Setyawati, Taufiq Hidayah, Mugiyo Hartono, Donny Wira Yudha Kusuma, Cahyo Yuwono, Didi Yudha Pranata
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