Los efectos del programa SPARK sobre la participación en la actividad física en niños de 11 años (The effects of the SPARK program on physical activity engagement in 11-year-old children)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107446Palabras clave:
physical fitness, sports skills, academic achievements, quasi-experimental design,Resumen
El programa SPARK (Sports Play Active and Recreation for Kids) es una iniciativa de salud holística con el objetivo principal de mejorar la actividad física (AF) de moderada a vigorosa en los niños, centrándose en mejorar la condición física, fomentar las habilidades deportivas y contribuir a los logros académicos. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue ver la efectividad del programa SPARK sobre el interés por la actividad física entre niños de 11 años. Este programa SPARK contiene cuatro actividades físicas y cuatro de habilidades que se aplicarán durante ocho (8) semanas en cuatro escuelas primarias seleccionadas en Perak. Este estudio es un diseño de grupo cuasi-experimental pre y post-control. Se seleccionó como muestra de estudio a 240 niños, entre niños y niñas. La selección de los participantes se basa en el método de "muestreo intacto", en una situación en la que todos los estudiantes de las clases de quinto grado (5) se retienen como sujetos de estudio, que consta de 120 estudiantes en el grupo de tratamiento y 120 estudiantes en el grupo de control. El análisis ANCOVA de dos vías muestra una diferencia significativa en la puntuación media posterior al interés en la actividad física entre los grupos de tratamiento para estudiantes masculinos y femeninos al controlar la puntuación previa después de someterse al programa SPARK. El programa SPARK proporcionó cambios positivos y significativos a los niños que recibieron la intervención del programa en comparación con aquellos que asistieron a clases de Educación Física como de costumbre. Las implicaciones del estudio muestran que el uso del programa SPARK atrae a los niños a participar en actividades físicas y posteriormente puede aumentar el nivel de rendimiento físico de los niños.
Palabras clave: SPARK, Actividad Física, niños
Abstract. The SPARK (Sports Play Active and Recreation for Kids) program is a holistic health initiative with the primary goal of enhancing moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) in children, focusing on improving physical fitness, fostering sports skills, and contributing to academic achievements. The main purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of the SPARK program on interest in physical activity among 11-year-old children. This SPARK program contains four physical and four skill fitness activities that will be applied for eight (8) weeks in four selected primary schools in Perak. This study is a quasi-experimental pre and post-control group design. 240 children consisting of boys and girls were selected as a study sample. The selection of participants is based on the 'intact sampling' method, in a situation where all students in fifth grade (5) classes are retained as study subjects, consisting of 120 students in the treatment group and 120 students in the control group. Two-way ANCOVA analysis shows a significant difference in mean post-score for interest in physical activity between the treatment groups for male and female students by controlling the pre-score after undergoing the SPARK Program. The SPARK program provided positive and significant changes to the children who received the program intervention compared to those who attended Physical Education classes as usual. The implications of the study show that the use of the SPARK program attracts children to participate in physical activities and can subsequently increase the level of physical fitness performance among children.
Keywords: SPARK, Physical Activity, children
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