Mindfulness and sleep quality in students of a private university in Metropolitan Lima

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109198

Keywords:

Mindfulness, sleep quality, college students, correlation, mental health.

Abstract

This study aimed to establish the relationship between mindfulness and sleep quality in students from a private university in Lima, Peru. A quantitative methodological approach was used with a non-experimental design and a correlational level. The sample consisted of 133 students from sixth to eighth cycle of the Physical Education degree. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and mindfulness was measured with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. The results revealed a negative, significant and moderate correlation between sleep quality and mindfulness, suggesting that a higher level of mindfulness is associated with better sleep quality. Specifically, the dimensions "acting with awareness", "absence of judgment" and "description" were found to show significant negative correlations with sleep quality. These findings indicate that students with higher scores in these mindfulness dimensions experience better sleep quality. It is concluded that promoting mindfulness practices in the university environment could improve the quality of sleep and the general well-being of students.

Keywords: Mindfulness, sleep quality, college students, correlation, mental health.

Author Biographies

  • Liliana Ines Romero Nunez, Continental University (UC)

    Academic consultant and business consultant in leadership, coaching, mindfulness and other related topics.

  • Roberto Carlos Davila-Moran, Continental University (UC)

    Industrial engineer and master in quality management and human development, he has extensive experience that has allowed him to participate in various multidisciplinary research projects. In addition, he has published several articles in internationally indexed scientific journals. His ability to develop rigorous research, combined with his knowledge and experience in the field of industrial engineering, allows him to make significant contributions in the field of research. In his research work, he stands out for his ability to identify problems and opportunities for improvement by proposing innovative and effective solutions to optimize his performance. His commitment and dedication to each project, added to his ability to work in a team, make him a highly valued professional in the academic and business fields.

  • Lidia Ysabel Pear Couple, Sacred Heart Women's University

    Lawyer and Certified Public Accountant, University Researcher, she currently teaches at the following universities: Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón, Inca Garcilaso de la Vega and Alas Peruanas. Professor at the Graduate School of the Universidad San Martín de Porres and career official of the Congress of the Republic.
    With a master's degree in Administration from the Federico Villarreal University, a doctorate in Accounting from the Inca Garcilaso de la Vega University and a PhD in Leadership and Management. She has carried out studies related to distance teaching-learning such as the diploma in Open and Distance Education from the UAP-UNED.
    Author of the books "Ethics" and "National Reality"; in addition to the self-instructive texts Governmental Accounting I, Governmental Accounting II, Higher Accounting II, Higher Accounting III, Operational and Administrative Audit Extrajudicial Conciliator and independent auditor, she is a regular speaker at various national forums. Specialist in government administration – logistics, government accounting and internal control, he constantly updates himself by attending different events related to his profession such as talks, conferences, seminars.

  • Carla Juliana Guanilo Couple, Sacred Heart Women's University

    University Professor specializing in Administration and Marketing
    Bachelor's Thesis Advisor
    Bachelor's Thesis Defense Jury

    Bachelor's Degree in Administration and International Business
    Master's Degree in University Research and Teaching
    Master's Degree in Digital Marketing
    PhD in Administration with a specialty in International Business.

    Researcher with scientific articles published in scientific journals indexed in Scopus.

    Reviewer of scientific articles

    Brand Manager (Creative process of building a brand - visual identity).

    Specialist in Digital Marketing (Marketing Strategies for apps, Inbound marketing and Content Marketing).

    Social Media Manager and strategist in social networks, with experience in planning, executing and evaluating campaigns.

  • Carlos Enrique Guanilo Paredes, Autonomous University of Peru

    Bachelor's degree in Administration, engineer, master's degree in administration, master's degree in international trade, doctorate in administration and PhD in international business. University researcher and professor at the Agrarian University-La Molina, Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Technological University of Peru, Norbert Wiener University, Simón Bolívar University and Alas Peruanas University. Professional at the Center for Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies of the Congress of the Republic of Peru.
    In the field of professional practice, he has held various responsibilities. Among them, dean of the Faculty of Administration and International Business of the Norbert Wiener University, President of the Commission that developed the Project of the National Autonomous University of Huanta, researcher for the Agrarian University-La Molina and the Technological University of Peru, Parliamentary Advisor and Executive Director of Training and Improvement for the Congress of the Republic, among others. My activity in the productive sector has been and is permanent.
    Author of books on various topics, such as: "Administration VIII", "Strategic Planning and Development" and "Strategic Planning", "Market Research" for distance education; "Strategic Planning for Higher Education", "Organizational Behavior and Culture", "Administrative Organization - Rationalization and Manualization of Procedures", "Introduction to University Study", "Animal Skin Processing Technology", "Quality Management of University Administrative Services". Writer in international journals.

  • James Salazar Montenegro, National University of Callao

    INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER.
    MASTERS: IN UNIVERSITY TEACHING AND EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT.
    DOCTOR: IN EDUCATION.

References

Allende, F., Acuña, J., Correa, L., & De La Cruz, J. (2022). Estrés académico y calidad del sueño en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19 en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad del Perú. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina, 70(3), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed. v70n3.93475.

Alwhaibi, M., & Al Aloola, N. (2023). Associations be-tween Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Quality among Healthcare Students. Journal of Clinical Medi-cine, 12(13), 4340. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134340

Becker, S., Jarrett, M., Luebbe, A., Garner, A., Burns, L., & Kofler, M. (2018). Sleep in a large, multi-university sample of college students: Sleep problem prevalence, sex differences, and mental health corre-lates. Sleep Health, 4(2), 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2018.01.001

Busa, F., Csima, M., Márton, J., Rozmann, N., Pandur, A., Ferkai, L., Deutsch, K., Kovács, Á., & Sipos, D. (2023). Sleep Quality and Perceived Stress among Health Science Students during Online Education—A Single Institution Study. Healthcare, 12(1), 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12010075

Buysse, D., Reynolds, C., Monk, T., Berman, S., & Kup-fer, D. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4

Carpi, M., Cianfarani, C., & Vestri, A. (2022). Sleep Quality and Its Associations with Physical and Mental Health-Related Quality of Life among University Stu-dents: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2874. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052874

Chmielewski, J., Łoś, K., Waszkiewicz, N., & Łuczyński, W. (2021). Mindfulness Is Related to the Situational Awareness of Medical Students Confront-ed with Life-Threatening Emergency Situations. Jour-nal of Clinical Medicine, 10(9), 1955. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091955

Clement, V., Portilla, I., Rubio, M., & Madrid, J. (2021). Sleep Quality, Mental and Physical Health: A Differential Relationship. International Journal of Envi-ronmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020460

Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A Global Measure of Perceived Stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404

Corredor Gamba, S. P., & Polanía Robayo, A. Y. (2020). Calidad de sueño en estudiantes de ciencias de la sa-lud, Universidad de Boyacá (Colombia). Medicina, 42(1), 8-18. https://doi.org/10.56050/01205498.1483

Corvalán, M., Díaz, P., Uribe, N., & Russell, J. (2023). Actividad física auto-reportada, tiempo de pantalla y su asociación con calidad de sueño y calidad de vida en estudiantes de Pedagogía en Educación Física du-rante la pandemia del COVID-19: Un estudio trans-versal. Retos, 50, 321-331. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.97777

Creswell, J., Lindsay, E., Villalba, D., & Chin, B. (2019). Mindfulness Training and Physical Health: Mechanisms and Outcomes. Psychosomatic medicine, 81(3), 224-232. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000675

Ding, X., Wang, X., Yang, Z., Tang, R., & Tang, Y.-Y. (2020). Relationship Between Trait Mindfulness and Sleep Quality in College Students: A Conditional Pro-cess Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 576319. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576319

Dunleavy, G., Bajpai, R., Comiran, A., Chua, A., Cheung, K., Soh, C., Christopoulos, G., De Vries, H., & Car, J. (2019). Examining the Factor Structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in a Multi-Ethnic Working Population in Singapore. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(23), 4590. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234590

Favela, C., Castro, A., Bojórquez, C., & Chan, N. L. (2022). Propiedades psicométricas del índice de cali-dad de sueño de Pittsburgh en deportistas. Revista Ibe-roamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Depor-te, 11(3), 29-46. https://doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.2022.v11i3.15290

Favela, C., Castro, A., García, H., Bojórquez, C., Oso-rio, A., & Oloño, J. (2024). Relación de trastornos del sueño durante viajes competitivos con calidad de sueño, sexo y modalidad deportiva en universitarios. Retos, 57, 632-640. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103215

Fazia, T., Bubbico, F., Nova, A., Bruno, S., Iozzi, D., Calgan, B., Caimi, G., Terzaghi, M., Manni, R., & Bernardinelli, L. (2023). Beneficial Effects of an Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Sleep Quality in Italian Poor Sleepers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032724

Flores, D., Boettcher, B., Quijada, J., Ojeda, R., Mata-mala, I., & González, A. (2021). Calidad del sueño en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Andrés Bello, 2019, Chile. Revista Médicas UIS, 34(3), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v34n3-2021003

Francisco, A., Nascimento, Í., Pereira, J., Miranda, M., Da Silva, G., Da Silva, L., Da Silva, J., De Oliveira, J., Gonçalves, A., Ramathur, I., & Rios, E. (2024). Efei-to da meditação mindfulness no esporte de alto ren-dimento: Uma revisão de escopo. Retos, 57, 536-560. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.99004

Fu, L., Wei, S., Cheng, J., Wang, X., Zhou, Y., Li, Y., & Zheng, H. (2022). Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Group Intervention for Chinese University Stu-dents with Sleep Problems. International Journal of En-vironmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 755. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020755

García, O., Baena, S., Cerdá, M., & Rodríguez, J. E. (2023). Efectos psicológicos de una intervención de mindfulness realizada en la vuelta a la calma de la clase de Educación Física: Un estudio cuasi-experimental. Retos, 49, 926-934. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.93401

Garett, R., Liu, S., & Young, S. (2018). The Relationship Between Social Media Use and Sleep Quality among Undergraduate Students. Information, Communication and Society, 21(2), 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1266374

Garland, E. (2021). Mindful positive emotion regulation as a treatment for addiction: From hedonic pleasure to self-transcendent meaning. Current Opinion in Behav-ioral Sciences, 39, 168-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.03.019

Garland, E. L., Fix, S., Hudak, J., Bernat, E. M., Naka-mura, Y., Hanley, A., Donaldson, G., Marchand, W. R., & Froeliger, B. (2023). Mindfulness-Oriented Re-covery Enhancement remediates anhedonia in chronic opioid use by enhancing neurophysiological responses during savoring of natural rewards. Psychological Med-icine, 53(5), 2085-2094. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721003834

Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E., Gould, N., Rowland, A., Sharma, R., Berger, Z., Sleicher, D., Maron, D., Shihab, H., Ranasinghe, P. D., Linn, S., Saha, S., Bass, E., & Haythornthwaite, J. A. (2014). Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(3), 357-368. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018

Hernández, R., & Mendoza, C. (2018). Metodología de investigación. Las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta. McGRAW-HILL.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2009). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hachette Books.

Khoury, B., Sharma, M., Rush, S., & Fournier, C. (2015). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psycho-somatic Research, 78(6), 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.009

Loret de Mola, A. (2011). Confiabilidad y validez de cons-tructo del FFMQ en un grupo de meditadores y no medita-dores [Tesis de Licenciatura en Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú]. https://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio//handle/20.500.12404/413

Luna, Y., Robles, Y., & Agüero, Y. (2015). Validación del Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh en una muestra peruana: Publicado: 5 de enero de 2016. Anales de Salud Mental, 31(2), Article 2. https://openjournal.insm.gob.pe/revistasm/asm/article/view/91

Lv, Y., Qiao, X., Leng, J., Zheng, Y., & Guo, Q. (2021). Mindfulness Promotes Online Prosocial Behavior via Cognitive Empathy. International Journal of Environmen-tal Research and Public Health, 18(13), 7017. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137017

Manzar, D., Alghadir, A., Khan, M., Salahuddin, M., Albougami, A., Maniago, J., Vasquez, B., Pandi, S. R., & Bahammam, A. S. (2021). Anxiety Symptoms Are Associated With Higher Psychological Stress, Poor Sleep, and Inadequate Sleep Hygiene in Colle-giate Young Adults—A Cross-Sectional Study. Fron-tiers in Psychiatry, 12, 677136. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.677136

Mauriz, I., & Fernández, J. (2023). Una intervención educativa con adolescentes basada en el mindfulness: Investigación cualitativa (An educational intervention with adolescents based on mindfulness: qualitative re-search). Retos, 49, 642-651. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.97037

Miles, E., Matcham, F., Strauss, C., & Cavanagh, K. (2023). Making Mindfulness Meditation a Healthy Habit. Mindfulness, 14(12), 2988-3005. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-023-02258-6

MINSA. (2021). Más peruanos sufren de insomnio debido a la pandemia por COVID-19. https://www.gob.pe/institucion/minsa/noticias/322938-minsa-mas-peruanos-sufren-de-insomnio-debido-a-la-pandemia-por-covid-19

Ñaupas, H., Mejía, E., Novoa, E., & Villagómez, A. (2014). Metodología de la investigación Cuantitativa-Cualitativa y redacción de la tesis. Ediciones de la U.

Ong, J., & Sholtes, D. (2010). A Mindfulness-Based Approach to the Treatment of Insomnia. Journal of clinical psychology, 66(11), 1175-1184. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20736

Peña, I., Nieto, L., Sánchez, D., & Cortés, R. (2019). Relación entre estrés percibido y calidad de sueño en enfermeras de turnos nocturno y rotativo. Rev. co-lomb. enferm, 1-17.

Rodríguez, A. (2023, enero 10). Cuántas horas hay que dormir según la OMS. BURGOSconecta. https://www.burgosconecta.es/sociedad/salud/dormir-segun-20230109204604-nt.html

Romani, G., & Macedo, K. (2023). Mindfulness y resili-encia en estudiantes universitarios de la región Ica – 2023: Mindfulness and resilience in university stu-dents from the Ica region - 2023. KANYÚ, 1(2.Especial), Article 2.Especial. https://doi.org/10.61210/kany.v1i2.Especial.48

Rusch, H., Rosario, M., Levison, L., Olivera, A., Li-vingston, W. S., Wu, T., & Gill, J. (2019). The effect of mindfulness meditation on sleep quality: A system-atic review and meta-analysis of randomized con-trolled trials. Annals of the New York Academy of Scienc-es, 1445(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13996

Santos, L., Guedes, S., & Pereira, C. (2022). Emotion Regulation, Stress, and Well-Being in Academic Edu-cation: Analyzing the Effect of Mindfulness-Based In-tervention. Trends in Psychology, 30(1), 33-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-021-00092-0

Satizábal, J., & Marín, D. (2018). Calidad de sueño del personal de enfermería. Ciencias de la salud, Extra 16, 75-86. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.6846

Schmidt, C., & Vinet, E. V. (2015). Atención Plena: Validación del Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Tera-pia Psicológica, 33(2), 93-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48082015000200004

Silva, M. (2021). Calidad de sueño en estudiantes de la Facultad Ciencias de la Salud en una universidad pú-blica peruana. Revista Médica Basadrina, 15(3), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.33326/26176068.2021.3.1152

Sivertsen, B., Vedaa, Ø., Harvey, A., Glozier, N., Palle-sen, S., Aarø, L., Lønning, K., & Hysing, M. (2019). Sleep patterns and insomnia in young adults: A na-tional survey of Norwegian university students. Journal of Sleep Research, 28(2), e12790. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12790

Sommerhoff, A., Ehring, T., & Takano, K. (2023). Ef-fects of Induced Mindfulness at Night on Repetitive Negative Thinking: Ecological Momentary Assess-ment Study. JMIR Mental Health, 10, e44365. https://doi.org/10.2196/44365

Talley, G., & Shelley, J. (2020). The Relationship be-tween Mindfulness and Sleep Quality is Mediated by Emotion Regulation. Psychiatry International, 1(2), 42-66. https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint1020007

Trujillo, D., & Reyes, M. (2019). Programa de mindful-ness para la reducción de la ansiedad precompetitiva en deportistas de artes marciales. Retos, 36, 418-426. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v36i36.66589

Vidal, L., Estrada, M., Monferrer, D., & Rodríguez, A. (2022). Does Mindfulness Influence Academic Per-formance? The Role of Resilience in Education for Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 14(7), 4251. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074251

Wang, Y., Lei, S., & Wu, C. (2023). The Effect of Mind-fulness Intervention on the Psychological Skills and Shooting Performances in Male Collegiate Basketball Athletes in Macau: A Quasi-Experimental Study. In-ternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032339

Yang, J., Du, Y., Shen, H., Ren, S., Liu, Z., Zheng, D., Shi, Q., Li, Y., & Wei, G. (2022). Mindfulness-Based Movement Intervention to Improve Sleep Quality: A Meta-Analysis and Moderator Analysis of Random-ized Clinical Trials. International Journal of Environmen-tal Research and Public Health, 19(16), 10284. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610284

Zhang, J., Li, X., Tang, Z., Xiang, S., Tang, Y., Hu, W., Tan, C., & Wang, X. (2024). Effects of stress on sleep quality: Multiple mediating effects of rumination and social anxiety. Psicologia, Reflexão e Crítica : revista se-mestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS, 37, 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-024-00294-2

Zhang, X., Dimitriou, D., & Halstead, E. J. (2021). Sleep, Anxiety, and Academic Performance: A Study of Adolescents From Public High Schools in China. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 678839. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678839

Downloads

Published

01-12-2024

Issue

Section

Original Research Article

How to Cite

Romero Nunez, L. I., Davila-Moran, R. C., Pear Couple, L. Y., Guanilo Couple, C. J., Guanilo Paredes, C. E., & Salazar Montenegro, J. (2024). Mindfulness and sleep quality in students of a private university in Metropolitan Lima. Retos, 61, 28-38. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109198