Correlation analysis of teachers' teaching skills and student sportsmanship in Physical Education

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118544

Keywords:

Teacher teaching skills, student sportsmanship, sporty behavior, sporty physical education, sporty learning

Abstract

Introduction: While teachers' teaching skills are crucial for supports student character and sportsmanship, few studies have directly examined this link.

Objective: Building on the importance of teaching skills, this study aims to investigate the relationship between teachers' teaching skills and students' sportsmanship in PE.
Methodology: To explore this relationship, the study used a correlational method involving 105 students. Data on teachers' teaching skills were measured through three aspects: opening, organizing, and closing the lesson. Student sportsmanship data were measured using the Student Sportsmanship Scale in Physical Education (S3-PE), which includes five indicators: commitment, social conventions, rules and officials, opponents, and negative approach. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation.

Results: The analysis revealed a positive and significant correlation between teachers' teaching skills and students' sportsmanship. Specifically, the aspect "Organizing learning" had the highest correlation with students' sportsmanship (ρ = 0.545), followed by "Closing learning" (ρ = 0.521) and "Opening learning" (ρ = 0.388). The overall correlation between teaching skills and student sportsmanship was moderate (ρ = 0.569).

Discussion: These results suggest that teachers' teaching skills can be an important factor in shaping students' sportsmanship. Consequently, teachers need to implement teaching strategies that encourage sportsmanship through various physical education activities.
Conclusions: In summary, teachers' skills not only improve students' physical abilities but also shape sportsmanship attitudes and behaviors that are beneficial in everyday life.

References

Abakay, U., & BuğdaycI, S. (2018). Examining the physical education lesson sportsmanship behaviors of secondary school students: Konya province example. The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport, Volume 7(Volume 7 Issue 4), 34–44. https://doi.org/10.22282/ojrs.2018.41

Alfarid, H. (2021). The role of coaches in shaping the character of futsal extracurricular children at SD Muhammadiyah 1 Menganti. Journal of English Language and Education, 10(5), 526–532. https://doi.org/10.31004/jele.v10i5.1302

Anggraeni, N. R., Sucipto, A., & Rochsun. (2025). Resilience, prosocial behavior, and sportsmanship of vocational school students: Basketball extracurricular participants vs. non-participants. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, 8(5), 2893–2898. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v8-i05-71

Barney, D. (2021). Can sportsmanship translate into a person’s everyday life? A college students’ perspective. Journal of Kinesiology & Wellness, 10(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.56980/jkw.v10i.93

Blegur, J., Lumba, A. J. F., & Ngongo, M. (2023). Tracing physical education teachers’ teaching difficulties in online era using teaching skill indicators. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(1), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.01.15

Blegur, J., Ma’mun, A., Berliana, Mahendra, A., Alif, M. N., Juliantine, T., & Lumba, A. J. F. (2024). Integrated learning models for micro-teaching course. Emerging Science Journal, 8(6), 2480–2500. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-06-020

Blegur, J., Ma’mun, A., Berliana, Mahendra, A., Bakhri, R. S., & Calunsag, B. D. (2024). Enhancing teaching competence of prospective physical education teachers with integrated learning model. Cakrawala Pendidikan: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 43(3), 588–608. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v43i3.57858

Blegur, J., Mutmainnah, Marleni, Sardin, & Syamsijulianto, T. (2025). Students proactive decision-making scale (SPDMS-18). Emerging Science Journal, 9(3), 1388–1402. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-03-014

Bolter, N. D., Kipp, L., & Johnson, T. (2018). Teaching sportsmanship in physical education and youth sport: Comparing perceptions of teachers with students and coaches with athletes. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 37(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2017-0038

Burgueño, R., & Medina-Casaubón, J. (2020). Sport education and sportsmanship orientations: An intervention in high school students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 837. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030837

Cosma, G.-A., Chiracu, A., Stepan, A.-R., Gatzel, R., Iancu, A., & Cosma, A. (2021). Sportsmanship and basic psychological needs in sports students. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 13(Special Issue 1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.29359/BJHPA.13.Spec.Iss1.05

Courel-Ibáñez, J., Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J., Gómez-Mármol, A., Valero-Valenzuela, A., & Moreno-Murcia, J. A. (2019). The moderating role of sportsmanship and violent attitudes on social and personal responsibility in adolescents. A clustering-classification approach. PLOS ONE, 14(2), e0211933. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211933

Dancey, C., & Reidy, J. (2020). Statistics without maths for psychology (8th ed.). Pearson.

Eröz, M. F., Kılıç, T., & Özcan, S. (2024). Sportsmanship behaviors in early adolescence and gender and family attitudes. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 26(1), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1407297

Fernandes, R., & Gopal, R. (2024). Physical education curriculum design for promoting lifelong fitness and health literacy. Innovations in Sports Science, 1(1), 18–21. https://doi.org/10.36676/iss.v1.i1.05

Giray, L. G. (2021). The spirit of sport: Exploring sportsmanship among physical education students. Acitya: Journal of Teaching and Education, 3(2), 257–266. https://doi.org/10.30650/ajte.v3i2.2232

Görgüt, İ., & Tutkun, E. (2023). Sportsmanship in sport with athlete perspective. Journal of ROL Sports Sciences, 4(4), 1319–1340. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10354049

Hardiansyah, S., & Blegur, J. (2024). Physical education teacher skills in preparing HOTS lesson plans and their contribution to teaching performance. Edu Sportivo: Indonesian Journal of Physical Education, 5(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.25299/es:ijope.2024.vol5(2).17042

Hardman, K. (2008). The situation of physical education in schools: A European perspective. Human Movement, 9(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10038-008-0001-z

Johnson, R. B., & Christensen, L. (2014). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Karakaş, F., & Çelik, Z. (2023). The investigation of sportsmanship behavior of students in physical education and sports class according to some variables. International Journal of Eurasian Education and Culture, 8(23), 2191–2198. https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoecc.792

Koc, Y. (2017). Relationships between the physical education course sportsmanship behaviors with tendency to violence and empathetic ability (note 1). Journal of Education and Learning, 6(3), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v6n3p169

Koc, Y., & Esenturk, O. K. (2018). Opinions of physical education teachers on the concept of sportsmanship. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(1), 71–79. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n1p71

Ludwiczak, M., & Bronikowska, M. (2022). Fair play in a context of physical education and sports behaviours. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2452. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042452

Lumba, A. J. F., Blegur, J., & Bayu, W. I. (2021). Teaching performance instruments of physical education teachers. Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 5(3), 436–442. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v5i3.33893

Maksum, A. (2012). Metodologi penelitian dalam olahraga. Unesa University Press.

Ma’mun, A., Tinaz, C., Anira, Syarifatunnisa, S., Hertem, Ö. O., Mahendra, A., & Juliantine, T. (2025). Physical education and school sport in emerging nations: A comparison of Indonesia and Türkiye. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 7, 1582778. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2025.1582778

Méndez-Giménez, A., Fernández-Río, J., & Méndez-Alonso, D. (2015). Sport education model versus traditional model: Effects on motivation and sportsmanship. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de La Actividad Fisica y Del Deporte, 15(59), 449–466. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2015.59.004

Okpalaeke, P. C., & Ekah, J. A. (2024). ‘Unsportsmanlike behaviour’: Okigwe Football League and inter-community rivalries in Southeastern Nigeria, 1949–1951. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 41(14), 1570–1590. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2025.2455582

Paramida, C., Carsiwan, Hidayat, T., Subroto, T., Sucipto, & Ma’mun, A. (2023). Sportsmanship analysis of winning in sports. Journal of Physical Education for Secondary Schools, 3(1), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpess.v3i1.82595

Pelegrín-Muñoz, A., Serpa, S., & Rosado, A. (2013). Conductas agresivas y antideportivas en deporte de competición: Análisis de variables personales y ambientales relacionadas. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 701–713. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.175841

Pennington, C. G. (2017). Moral development and sportsmanship in interscholastic sports and physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 88(9), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2017.1367745

Razali, Bahrum, Syamsulrizal, Tetikay, R., Maimun, & Akbari, M. (2026). Development of student sportsmanship scale in physical education (S3-PE). Retos, 74, 500–514. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.117720

Razali, Blegur, J., Akbari, M., Yuliana, Kurniawan, A. R., & Kamza, M. (2025). Correlating physical literacy with life skills: A study on high school students. Retos, 67, 498–508. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.112

Ryska, T. A. (2003). Sportsmanship in young athletes: The role of competitiveness, motivational orientation, and perceived purposes of sport. The Journal of Psychology, 137(3), 273–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980309600614

Sanchez, R. D., Hanrahan, T., & Concannon, J. (2021). Promoting sportsmanship awareness: An application of teaching a personal and social responsibility model in middle school physical education. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Management, 12(1), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPESM2021.0360

Schober, P., Boer, C., & Schwarte, L. A. (2018). Correlation coefficients: Appropriate use and interpretation. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 126(5), 1763–1768. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002864

Tel, M. (2014). Türk toplum yaşantisinda fair play. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 2(5), 694–694. https://doi.org/10.14486/IJSCS139

Temel, A., Mamak, H., Kangalgil, M., Kılıçer, İ., Erdem, C., Çapar, T., Özkan, A., & Uz, S. (2024). Investigation of the sense of school belonging and sportspersonship behavior of students playing traditional children’s games. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 656. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02155-0

Tiryaki, K. (2023). Examination of sportsmanship behaviours of physical education and sports course on students. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 6(4), 1119–1132. https://doi.org/10.38021asbid.1301828

Vallerand, R. J., Brière, N. M., Blanchard, C., & Provencher, P. (1997). Development and validation of the multidimensional sportspersonship orientations scale. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19(2), 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.19.2.197

Downloads

Published

01-04-2026

Issue

Section

Original Research Article

How to Cite

Yulinar, Y., Ma’mun, A., Yudiana, Y., Nuryadi, N., Kurniawati, A., Razali, R., Amiruddin, A., & Syahrianursaifi, S. (2026). Correlation analysis of teachers’ teaching skills and student sportsmanship in Physical Education. Retos, 77, 663-675. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118544