Complejo de ejercicios de estabilización postural para mejorar el nivel de preparación física y el estado funcional del organismo en estudiantes ajedrecistas

Autores/as

  • Azizbek Rashidov Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Komiljan Yarashev Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Abdimalik Shopulatov Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Elbek Jumanov Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Sarvar Adilov Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Dilshod Bakhtiyorov Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Nigora Abdikadirova Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Shukhrat Djumakulov Tashkent University of Economics and Pedagogy
  • Azizbek Kuralbayev Nukus branch of Uzbek State university of physical education and sport
  • Nauriz Mambetiyarov Nukus branch of Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119488

Palabras clave:

Estudiantes ajedrecistas, estabilización postural, preparación física, preparación ajedrecística, estado funcional

Resumen

Introducción y objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de un programa de entrenamiento de 15 semanas para estudiantes ajedrecistas, basado en un conjunto de ejercicios de estabilización postural, con el fin de mejorar su condición física, preparación ajedrecística y estado funcional.

Métodos: En el estudio participaron 90 estudiantes ajedrecistas, distribuidos en un grupo experimental y un grupo de control, con 45 participantes en cada uno. El grupo experimental entrenó de acuerdo con el programa desarrollado, que incluía ejercicios de estabilización postural, tareas sobre cojín de equilibrio, ejercicios de coordinación y fuerza, juegos motores nacionales uzbekos y tareas especiales de ajedrez; el grupo de control continuó con el programa tradicional.

Resultados: La validez de contenido del programa fue confirmada mediante el método V de Aiken: los valores de los 12 aspectos evaluados oscilaron entre 0,81 y 0,94, con una media de 0,89. El análisis factorial confirmatorio confirmó la estructura trifactorial del instrumento de evaluación: condición física, preparación ajedrecística y estado funcional; los índices de ajuste del modelo fueron aceptables: χ²/df = 1,25; CFI = 0,984; TLI = 0,975; RMSEA = 0,0527. Los resultados del ANOVA mixto revelaron una interacción estadísticamente significativa Time × Group en la condición física (F = 30,6; p < 0,001; η²G = 0,085), la preparación ajedrecística (F = 37,0; p < 0,001; η²G = 0,090) y el estado funcional (F = 30,1; p < 0,001; η²G = 0,082). El MANCOVA también confirmó el efecto integral del programa sobre la combinación de las tres ganancias evaluadas (Pillai’s Trace = 0,845; F = 156,3; p < 0,001).

Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que el programa desarrollado contribuye a una mejora significativa de la preparación física, ajedrecística y funcional de los estudiantes ajedrecistas, por lo que puede recomendarse para su implementación en el proceso de entrenamiento.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Komiljan Yarashev, Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Professor

  • Abdimalik Shopulatov, Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Professor

  • Elbek Jumanov, Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Аssociate professor

  • Sarvar Adilov, Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Professor

  • Dilshod Bakhtiyorov, Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Professor

  • Nigora Abdikadirova, Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Professor

  • Shukhrat Djumakulov, Tashkent University of Economics and Pedagogy

    Professor

  • Azizbek Kuralbayev, Nukus branch of Uzbek State university of physical education and sport

    Professor

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Publicado

10-07-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Rashidov, A., Yarashev, K., Shopulatov, A., Adilov, S., Bakhtiyorov, D., Abdikadirova, N., Djumakulov, S., Kuralbayev, A., & Mambetiyarov, N. (2026). Complejo de ejercicios de estabilización postural para mejorar el nivel de preparación física y el estado funcional del organismo en estudiantes ajedrecistas. Retos, 82, 544-561. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119488