La práctica deportiva como factor asociado al bienestar psicológico en alumnado universitario
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119565Palabras clave:
Actividad física, bienestar psicológico, deporte universitario, malestar psicológico, satisfacción vitalResumen
Introducción: la salud mental del alumnado universitario se abordó desde una perspectiva multidimensional, integrando indicadores de malestar psicológico y de funcionamiento positivo. La práctica deportiva se consideró un factor asociado al bienestar psicológico y al desarrollo de competencias psicosociales.
Objetivo: este estudio analizó la práctica deportiva del alumnado universitario, su relación con el malestar psicológico, la satisfacción vital y la competencia percibida, y la percepción sobre la relación entre actividad física y bienestar.
Metodología: participaron 1012 estudiantes universitarios. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, deportivas y psicológicas mediante cuestionarios estandarizados y preguntas ad hoc. Se realizaron análisis de asociación, MANOVA, análisis univariados y análisis cualitativo de una pregunta abierta.
Resultados: alrededor del 60 % del alumnado practicaba deporte regularmente. El contexto deportivo se asoció significativamente con el género, el curso y la facultad. El alumnado con práctica competitiva presentó menor malestar psicológico, mayor satisfacción con la vida y mayor competencia percibida. El análisis cualitativo mostró una valoración mayoritariamente positiva de la actividad física.
Discusión: los resultados coincidieron con estudios previos que relacionan la actividad física y deporte con mejores indicadores de bienestar, aunque con diferencias según el contexto de práctica.
Conclusiones: el deporte universitario constituye un contexto relevante para promover el bienestar psicológico y el desarrollo de competencias psicosociales.
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