Influência do consumo agudo de cafeína no desempenho e nas variáveis ​​biomecânicas do salto vertical: um ensaio cruzado randomizado

Autores

  • Arnau Baena-Riera Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre (CEEAF), University of Vic–Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain / Sport, Exercise, and Human Movement (SEaHM), University of Vic–Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
  • Xantal Borràs-Boix Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre (CEEAF), University of Vic–Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain / Sport, Exercise, and Human Movement (SEaHM), University of Vic–Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
  • Javier Peña Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre (CEEAF), University of Vic–Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain / Sport, Exercise, and Human Movement (SEaHM), University of Vic–Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119204

Palavras-chave:

Countermovement jump, ergogenic aids, fatigue, injuries, technique

Resumo

Introdução: Embora os efeitos ergogénicos da cafeína (CAFF) estejam bem documentados, o seu impacto na técnica durante o exercício físico requer mais investigação.
Objectivo: Avaliar a influência de 6 mg/kg de CAFF na técnica e no desempenho do salto.
Metodologia: Este estudo randomizado, cruzado e duplo-cego incluiu catorze indivíduos treinados com baixo consumo prévio de CAFF. Os participantes realizaram seis saltos com contramovimento sem (PRE) e com (POST) fadiga durante uma sessão de controlo (CON), uma sessão placebo (PLA) e uma sessão com CAFF, com um período de washout de sete dias entre sessões. O desempenho e os aspetos biomecânicos foram considerados as principais variáveis.
Resultados: Todos os catorze participantes foram incluídos nas análises. A CAFF não afetou significativamente as variáveis ​​analisadas. Comparativamente ao grupo CON, o grupo PLA aumentou o valgo do joelho no contacto inicial da perna esquerda à aterragem (d=0,82) e a duração da fase propulsiva (d=0,76). Em comparação com o grupo CON PRE, a duração da fase propulsiva também aumentou nos grupos PLA PRE, PLA POST e CAFF POST (d=1,19–1,45). A fadiga diminuiu o valgo do joelho na posição de aterragem mais profunda (d=0,48–0,50) e aumentou a amplitude de movimento do varo do joelho (d=0,52–0,68) em ambas as pernas, aumentou a duração da fase de travagem (d=0,65), reduziu a potência de pico relativa (d=0,73) e diminuiu a altura do salto (d=0,26).
Discussão: A ausência de efeito do CAFF no desempenho contrasta com as evidências anteriores, enquanto o impacto do PLA pode refletir um efeito nocebo. Conclusões: O CAFF não foi ergogénico para a altura do salto com contramovimento, nem pareceu afetar a sua biomecânica. No entanto, em comparação com o grupo CON, o PLA afetou negativamente alguns resultados. A fadiga também afetou algumas variáveis ​​de forma complexa.
Este estudo foi registado prospectivamente no ClinicalTrials (NCT06039358).

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13-07-2026

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

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Baena-Riera, A., Borràs-Boix, X., & Peña, J. (2026). Influência do consumo agudo de cafeína no desempenho e nas variáveis ​​biomecânicas do salto vertical: um ensaio cruzado randomizado. Retos, 82, 638-651. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119204