Comportamiento de riesgo para la salud Actitud hacia la actividad física en jóvenes universitarios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.114840Palabras clave:
Health risk behavior, physical activity, alcohol, illicit drug, risky sexual behavior.Resumen
Antecedentes: La adolescencia y la adultez temprana representan un período crítico que da forma a los resultados de salud a largo plazo y sienta las bases para una vida saludable y productiva. Comprender la influencia de los comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en la actividad física y los hábitos dietéticos es esencial para las intervenciones de salud pública específicas.
Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de varias dimensiones de las conductas de riesgo para la salud en la actividad física entre los estudiantes universitarios y examinar las diferencias en la actividad física y los patrones dietéticos según el género.
Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal que investigó las actitudes y comportamientos de los estudiantes en relación con los riesgos para la salud y la actividad física. El análisis abarcó seis dimensiones de las conductas de riesgo para la salud: tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol, consumo de drogas ilícitas, dieta y conductas sexuales de riesgo. Se seleccionó un total de 95 estudiantes (30 mujeres y 65 hombres), con edades comprendidas entre los 20 y los 30 años, mediante muestreo aleatorio. Los datos se recogieron utilizando el Inventario de Conductas de Riesgo para la Salud de Leah.
Resultados: La estadística descriptiva reveló diferencias de género en los niveles de actividad física, con los hombres exhibiendo una mayor participación en comparación con las mujeres. El análisis de correlación indicó que la dieta y las conductas de tabaquismo se correlacionaron significativamente con la actividad física. Además, el tabaquismo, el consumo de alcohol, el consumo de drogas y las conductas sexuales de riesgo mostraron correlaciones significativas con los patrones dietéticos. El consumo de alcohol también se asoció significativamente tanto con el consumo de drogas como con las conductas sexuales de riesgo, mientras que las conductas sexuales de riesgo se relacionaron fuertemente con el consumo de drogas ilícitas.
Conclusión: El estudio pone de manifiesto las interrelaciones entre diversas conductas de riesgo para la salud. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de los programas inclusivos de educación para la salud que abordan múltiples dimensiones de riesgo para promover estilos de vida más saludables entre los adultos jóvenes.
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