Relación entre actividad física y la calidad del sueño en estudiantes universitarios: estudio transversal

Autores/as

  • José Antonio Valle Flores Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-9526
  • María Magdalena Rosado Álvarez a Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-4780
  • José Luis Hidalgo Torres Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador) https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9022-2173
  • Guisella Isabel Villamar Vásquez Universidad Estatal de Milagro
  • Stalin Jurado Auria Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil
  • Karina Gisela Valenzuela Burbano Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador)
  • Carlos Elías Bazurto Hidalgo Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.116008

Palabras clave:

Estudiantes, estilos de vida, actividad física, trastorno del sueño, encuestas y cuestionarios

Resumen

Introducción: La relación entre la actividad física y la calidad del sueño ha sido objeto de creciente interés en el ámbito universitario, debido a su impacto en el bienestar integral del estudiantado.

Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la actividad física y la calidad del sueño en estudiantes universitarios de un centro de educación superior. 

Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y correlacional con 1.118 estudiantes universitarios de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Se emplearon los cuestionarios PSQI e IPAQ-SF para medir la calidad del sueño y la actividad física, respectivamente. Los datos fueron analizados mediante pruebas de Chi-cuadrado, Mann–Whitney U, correlación de Spearman y regresión logística binaria. 

Resultados: El 71,2 % de los participantes presentó mala calidad del sueño. no se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el nivel de actividad física y la calidad del sueño (p > 0,05), aunque se observó una tendencia no significativa a menor riesgo de sueño deficiente en estudiantes inactivos. 

Discusión: Estos hallazgos contrastan con estudios previos que reportan beneficios del ejercicio sobre el sueño, sugiriendo la posible mediación de variables como salud mental, cronotipo, nutrición y uso de tecnología. Se destaca la necesidad de enfoques integrales y personalizados en futuras investigaciones. 

Conclusiones: Aunque no se identificó una asociación significativa, los resultados cuestionan explicaciones simplistas y respaldan el diseño de intervenciones universitarias multidimensionales. Se recomienda el desarrollo de futuros estudios longitudinales que integren variables intermedias y utilicen métodos de medición objetivos.

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Publicado

2025-06-13

Cómo citar

Valle Flores, J. A., Rosado Álvarez, M. M., Hidalgo Torres, J. L., Villamar Vásquez, G. I., Jurado Auria, S. A., Valenzuela Burbano, K. G., & Bazurto Hidalgo, C. E. (2025). Relación entre actividad física y la calidad del sueño en estudiantes universitarios: estudio transversal. Retos, 68, 1477–1486. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.116008

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